完善中央与边缘部署、远程写入与监控文档

- 增加中央与边缘完整配置和部署脚本
- 引入 VictoriaMetrics 数据源与 remote_write 故障排查说明
- 新增 edge-agent 配置脚本、ONVIF 自建 exporter 与 ping 监控示例

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

central-server/deploy.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# 分布式Prometheus中央服务器部署脚本
+# 适用于Linux系统
+
+set -e
+
+echo "=== 分布式Prometheus中央服务器部署脚本 ==="
+echo ""
+
+# 加载环境变量配置
+if [ -f ".env" ]; then
+    echo "📝 加载 .env 配置文件..."
+    # 导出环境变量（支持注释和空行）
+    set -a
+    source .env
+    set +a
+    echo "✅ 环境变量加载完成"
+elif [ -f "env.example" ]; then
+    echo "⚠️  未找到 .env 文件，从 env.example 创建..."
+    cp env.example .env
+    echo "✅ 已创建 .env 文件，请根据需要修改配置"
+    echo "   然后重新运行此脚本"
+    exit 0
+else
+    echo "⚠️  未找到 .env 和 env.example 文件，使用默认配置"
+fi
+
+# 设置默认值（如果环境变量未设置）
+PROMETHEUS_PORT=${PROMETHEUS_PORT:-9091}
+GRAFANA_PORT=${GRAFANA_PORT:-3000}
+ALERTMANAGER_PORT=${ALERTMANAGER_PORT:-9093}
+VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT=${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT:-8428}
+PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR=${PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR:-./data/prometheus-data}
+GRAFANA_DATA_DIR=${GRAFANA_DATA_DIR:-./data/grafana-data}
+VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR=${VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR:-./data/victoria-metrics-data}
+GRAFANA_ADMIN_PASSWORD=${GRAFANA_ADMIN_PASSWORD:-admin123}
+PROMETHEUS_SCRAPE_INTERVAL=${PROMETHEUS_SCRAPE_INTERVAL:-15}
+PROMETHEUS_EVALUATION_INTERVAL=${PROMETHEUS_EVALUATION_INTERVAL:-15}
+PROMETHEUS_CLUSTER_NAME=${PROMETHEUS_CLUSTER_NAME:-central-monitoring}
+PROMETHEUS_RETENTION_TIME=${PROMETHEUS_RETENTION_TIME:-30d}
+VICTORIAMETRICS_RETENTION_PERIOD=${VICTORIAMETRICS_RETENTION_PERIOD:-30d}
+PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SAMPLES=${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SAMPLES:-10000}
+PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_CAPACITY=${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_CAPACITY:-20000}
+PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SHARDS=${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SHARDS:-10}
+GRAFANA_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE=${GRAFANA_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE:-zh-Hans}
+GRAFANA_DEFAULT_THEME=${GRAFANA_DEFAULT_THEME:-light}
+
+# 将相对路径转换为绝对路径（Docker 需要绝对路径）
+# 获取脚本所在目录的绝对路径
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+cd "$SCRIPT_DIR" || exit 1
+
+# 将相对路径转换为绝对路径
+if [[ "$PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR" != /* ]]; then
+    PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR")" && pwd)/$(basename "$PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR")"
+fi
+if [[ "$GRAFANA_DATA_DIR" != /* ]]; then
+    GRAFANA_DATA_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$GRAFANA_DATA_DIR")" && pwd)/$(basename "$GRAFANA_DATA_DIR")"
+fi
+if [[ "$VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR" != /* ]]; then
+    VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR")" && pwd)/$(basename "$VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR")"
+fi
+
+echo ""
+
+# 检查Docker是否安装
+if ! command -v docker &> /dev/null; then
+    echo "❌ Docker未安装，请先安装Docker"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# 检查Docker Compose (优先检查V2，然后检查V1)
+DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD=""
+if docker compose version &> /dev/null; then
+    DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD="docker compose"
+    echo "✅ 检测到 Docker Compose V2"
+elif command -v docker-compose &> /dev/null; then
+    DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD="docker-compose"
+    echo "✅ 检测到 Docker Compose V1"
+else
+    echo "❌ Docker Compose未安装，请先安装Docker Compose"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "✅ Docker环境检查通过"
+echo ""
+
+# 检查磁盘空间（检查当前目录所在分区）
+echo "💾 检查磁盘空间..."
+DATA_PARTITION_AVAIL=$(df -BG "$SCRIPT_DIR" 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR==2 {print $4}' | sed 's/G//' || echo "0")
+ROOT_AVAIL=$(df -BG / | awk 'NR==2 {print $4}' | sed 's/G//' || echo "0")
+
+if [ -z "$DATA_PARTITION_AVAIL" ]; then
+    DATA_PARTITION_AVAIL=0
+fi
+if [ -z "$ROOT_AVAIL" ]; then
+    ROOT_AVAIL=0
+fi
+
+echo "   当前目录所在分区可用空间: ${DATA_PARTITION_AVAIL}GB"
+echo "   根分区可用空间: ${ROOT_AVAIL}GB"
+
+# 检查当前目录所在分区空间（需要至少2GB用于数据存储）
+if [ "$DATA_PARTITION_AVAIL" -lt 2 ]; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "⚠️  警告：当前目录所在分区空间不足！"
+    echo "   分区可用空间: ${DATA_PARTITION_AVAIL}GB"
+    echo "   数据存储路径: ${PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR}"
+    echo "   建议至少保留 2GB 空间（用于监控数据存储）"
+    echo ""
+    read -p "是否继续部署？(y/N): " -n 1 -r
+    echo
+    if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
+        echo "部署已取消"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+# 检查根分区空间（需要至少500MB用于containerd临时文件）
+if [ "$ROOT_AVAIL" -lt 1 ]; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "⚠️  警告：根分区空间不足！"
+    echo "   根分区可用空间: ${ROOT_AVAIL}GB"
+    echo "   建议至少保留 1GB 空间（用于containerd临时文件和系统运行）"
+    echo ""
+    echo "💡 建议清理空间："
+    echo "   1. 清理Docker资源: docker system prune -a --volumes"
+    echo "   2. 清理系统日志: journalctl --vacuum-time=3d"
+    echo "   3. 清理包缓存: dnf clean all 或 apt-get clean"
+    echo "   4. 检查大文件: du -h --max-depth=1 / | sort -hr | head -10"
+    echo ""
+    read -p "是否继续部署？(y/N): " -n 1 -r
+    echo
+    if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
+        echo "部署已取消"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+echo ""
+
+# 从模板生成 prometheus.yml
+if [ -f "prometheus.yml.template" ]; then
+    echo "📝 从模板生成 prometheus.yml..."
+    # 检查是否有 envsubst 命令
+    if command -v envsubst &> /dev/null; then
+        envsubst < prometheus.yml.template > prometheus.yml
+        echo "✅ prometheus.yml 已生成"
+    else
+        echo "⚠️  envsubst 命令未找到，尝试使用 sed 替换..."
+        # 使用 sed 进行简单的变量替换
+        sed -e "s/\${PROMETHEUS_SCRAPE_INTERVAL}/${PROMETHEUS_SCRAPE_INTERVAL}/g" \
+            -e "s/\${PROMETHEUS_EVALUATION_INTERVAL}/${PROMETHEUS_EVALUATION_INTERVAL}/g" \
+            -e "s/\${PROMETHEUS_CLUSTER_NAME}/${PROMETHEUS_CLUSTER_NAME}/g" \
+            -e "s/\${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT}/${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT}/g" \
+            -e "s/\${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SAMPLES}/${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SAMPLES}/g" \
+            -e "s/\${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_CAPACITY}/${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_CAPACITY}/g" \
+            -e "s/\${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SHARDS}/${PROMETHEUS_REMOTE_WRITE_MAX_SHARDS}/g" \
+            prometheus.yml.template > prometheus.yml
+        echo "✅ prometheus.yml 已生成（使用 sed）"
+    fi
+elif [ ! -f "prometheus.yml" ]; then
+    echo "❌ 配置文件 prometheus.yml 不存在，且未找到模板文件"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# 检查配置文件
+if [ ! -f "alert_rules.yml" ]; then
+    echo "❌ 配置文件 alert_rules.yml 不存在"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ ! -f "alertmanager/alertmanager.yml" ]; then
+    echo "❌ 配置文件 alertmanager/alertmanager.yml 不存在"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "✅ 配置文件检查通过"
+echo ""
+
+# 导出环境变量供 docker-compose 使用（使用绝对路径）
+export PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR
+export GRAFANA_DATA_DIR
+export VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR
+export PROMETHEUS_PORT
+export GRAFANA_PORT
+export ALERTMANAGER_PORT
+export VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT
+export GRAFANA_ADMIN_PASSWORD
+export GRAFANA_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE
+export GRAFANA_DEFAULT_THEME
+export GRAFANA_ROOT_URL
+export PROMETHEUS_RETENTION_TIME
+export VICTORIAMETRICS_RETENTION_PERIOD
+export TRAEFIK_ENABLED
+export TRAEFIK_NETWORK
+export TRAEFIK_ENTRYPOINT
+export GRAFANA_DOMAIN
+export PROMETHEUS_DOMAIN
+export ALERTMANAGER_DOMAIN
+
+# 检查 Traefik 网络（docker-compose.yml 中总是会引用此网络，无论是否启用）
+echo "🔍 检查 Traefik 网络..."
+TRAEFIK_NET=${TRAEFIK_NETWORK:-traefik}
+if ! docker network inspect "$TRAEFIK_NET" &> /dev/null; then
+    echo "⚠️  Traefik 网络 '$TRAEFIK_NET' 不存在，正在创建..."
+    if docker network create "$TRAEFIK_NET" 2>/dev/null; then
+        echo "✅ Traefik 网络 '$TRAEFIK_NET' 已创建"
+    else
+        echo "❌ 无法创建 Traefik 网络 '$TRAEFIK_NET'"
+        echo "   请确保："
+        echo "   1. Traefik 已运行并创建了网络"
+        echo "   2. 或手动创建网络: docker network create $TRAEFIK_NET"
+        echo ""
+        read -p "是否继续部署？(y/N): " -n 1 -r
+        echo
+        if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
+            echo "部署已取消"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+else
+    echo "✅ Traefik 网络 '$TRAEFIK_NET' 已存在"
+fi
+echo ""
+
+# 创建数据目录（使用环境变量中配置的路径）
+echo "📁 创建数据目录..."
+mkdir -p "${PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR}"
+mkdir -p "${GRAFANA_DATA_DIR}"
+mkdir -p "${VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR}"
+mkdir -p grafana/dashboards
+mkdir -p grafana/provisioning/datasources
+mkdir -p grafana/provisioning/dashboards
+
+# 设置目录权限
+# Prometheus 需要写权限
+chmod 777 "${PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR}" 2>/dev/null || true
+# Grafana 需要 UID 472 的权限（Grafana 容器用户）
+chown -R 472:472 "${GRAFANA_DATA_DIR}" 2>/dev/null || chmod -R 777 "${GRAFANA_DATA_DIR}"
+# VictoriaMetrics 需要写权限
+chmod 777 "${VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR}" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+echo "✅ 数据目录创建完成"
+echo "   - Prometheus: ${PROMETHEUS_DATA_DIR}"
+echo "   - Grafana: ${GRAFANA_DATA_DIR}"
+echo "   - VictoriaMetrics: ${VICTORIAMETRICS_DATA_DIR}"
+echo ""
+
+# 停止现有服务
+echo "🛑 停止现有服务..."
+$DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD down 2>/dev/null || true
+
+# 拉取最新镜像
+echo "📥 拉取Docker镜像..."
+if ! $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD pull; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "⚠️  镜像拉取失败，可能的原因："
+    echo "   1. 网络连接问题"
+    echo "   2. Docker Hub 速率限制"
+    echo "   3. 需要配置镜像加速器"
+    echo ""
+    echo "💡 建议："
+    echo "   1. 检查网络连接"
+    echo "   2. 配置 Docker 镜像加速器（如阿里云、腾讯云等）"
+    echo "   3. 或稍后重试"
+    echo ""
+    echo "🔄 尝试继续启动（如果本地已有镜像）..."
+    echo ""
+fi
+
+# 启动服务
+echo "🚀 启动服务..."
+$DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD up -d
+
+# 等待服务启动
+echo "⏳ 等待服务启动..."
+sleep 15
+
+# 检查服务状态
+echo ""
+echo "📊 服务状态检查："
+$DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD ps
+
+echo ""
+echo "📋 服务日志："
+$DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD logs --tail=20
+
+echo ""
+echo "✅ 部署完成！"
+echo ""
+
+# 检查是否启用 Traefik
+if [ "${TRAEFIK_ENABLED:-false}" = "true" ]; then
+    echo "🔗 访问地址（通过 Traefik 反向代理）："
+    echo "   - Grafana仪表板: http://${GRAFANA_DOMAIN:-grafana.example.com} (admin/${GRAFANA_ADMIN_PASSWORD}) [${GRAFANA_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE}界面]"
+    echo "   - Prometheus: http://${PROMETHEUS_DOMAIN:-prometheus.example.com} [英文界面]"
+    echo "   - Alertmanager: http://${ALERTMANAGER_DOMAIN:-alertmanager.example.com} [英文界面]"
+    echo "   - VictoriaMetrics: http://localhost:${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT} [英文界面，边缘节点直接连接]"
+    echo ""
+    echo "⚠️  请确保："
+    echo "   1. DNS 已正确解析域名到 Traefik 服务器"
+    echo "   2. Traefik 网络 (${TRAEFIK_NETWORK:-traefik_default}) 已创建"
+    echo "   3. 边缘节点可以访问此服务器的${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT}端口（VictoriaMetrics 不通过 Traefik）"
+else
+    echo "🔗 访问地址："
+    echo "   - Grafana仪表板: http://localhost:${GRAFANA_PORT} (admin/${GRAFANA_ADMIN_PASSWORD}) [${GRAFANA_DEFAULT_LANGUAGE}界面]"
+    echo "   - Prometheus: http://localhost:${PROMETHEUS_PORT} [英文界面]"
+    echo "   - VictoriaMetrics: http://localhost:${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT} [英文界面]"
+    echo "   - Alertmanager: http://localhost:${ALERTMANAGER_PORT} [英文界面]"
+    echo ""
+    echo "⚠️  请确保："
+    echo "   1. 防火墙已开放相应端口 (${GRAFANA_PORT}, ${PROMETHEUS_PORT}, ${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT}, ${ALERTMANAGER_PORT})"
+    echo "   2. 边缘节点可以访问此服务器的${VICTORIAMETRICS_PORT}端口"
+fi
+
+echo "   3. 已配置好告警通知渠道"
+echo ""
+echo "📝 管理命令："
+echo "   - 查看日志: $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD logs -f"
+echo "   - 重启服务: $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD restart"
+echo "   - 停止服务: $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD down"
+echo ""
+echo "🔧 下一步："
+echo "   1. 登录Grafana配置数据源"
+echo "   2. 导入ONVIF监控仪表板"
+echo "   3. 配置Alertmanager告警通知"
+echo ""
+echo "💡 提示：修改配置后，编辑 .env 文件并重新运行此脚本"